. Ibn Bābawayh, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī. (1999). ʿUyūn Akhbār al-Riḍā (A.S.). Tehran, Iran: Jahān.
2. Ibn Jinnī. (2008). Al-Khaṣāʾiṣ. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya.
3. Ibn al-Ṣāʾigh, Yaʿīsh b. ʿAlī. (n.d.). Sharḥ al-Mufaṣṣal. Cairo, Egypt: Al-Maktabah al-Tawfīqiyyah.
4. Ibn ʿAbbād, Ismāʿīl (Ṣāḥib b. ʿAbbād). (1993). Al-Muḥīṭ fī al-Lugha. Lebanon: ʿĀlam al-Kutub.
5. Ibn ʿAqīl, ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. (1979). Sharḥ Ibn ʿAqīl ʿalā Alfiyyat Ibn Mālik fī Thawbihi al-Jadīd. Qom, Iran: Center for Seminary Management.
6. Ibn Qutayba, ʿAbd Allāh b. Muslim. (1986). Taʾwīl Mukhtalif al-Ḥadīth. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya.
7. Ibn Manẓūr, Muḥammad b. Makram. (1994). Lisān al-ʿArab. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Fikr.
8. Ibn Hishām, ʿAbd Allāh b. Yūsuf. (1996). Mughnī al-Labīb. Qom, Iran: Muʾassasat Sayyid al-Shuhadāʾ.
9. Al-Azharī, Muḥammad b. Aḥmad. (2000). Tahdhīb al-Lugha. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
10. Al-Azharī, Khālid b. ʿAbd Allāh. (n.d.). Sharḥ al-Taṣrīḥ. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Fikr.
11. Badīʿ, Yaʿqūb. (2006). Mawsūʿat al-Naḥw wa-al-Ṣarf. Qom, Iran: Istiqlāl.
12. Balāghī Najafī, Muḥammad Jawād. (1999). Ālāʾ al-Raḥmān. Qom, Iran: Baʿthat.
13. Jāmī, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān. (2009). Sharḥ Mullā Jāmī. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth al-ʿArabī.
14. Al-Jawharī, Ismāʿīl b. Ḥammād. (1984). Al-Ṣiḥāḥ. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-ʿIlm lil-Malāyīn.
15. Ḥasan, ʿAbbās. (1988). Al-Naḥw al-Wāfī. Tehran, Iran: Nāṣir Khosrow.
16. Khuḍarī, Muḥammad. (2010). Ḥāshiyat al-Khuḍarī. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Fikr.
17. Darwīsh, Muḥyī al-Dīn. (1995). Iʿrāb al-Qurʾān. Syria: Dār al-Yamāmah.
18. Raḍī al-Dīn al-Astarābādī. (2005). Sharḥ al-Raḍī. Tehran, Iran: Muʾassasat al-Ṣādiq.
19. Raḍī al-Dīn al-Astarābādī. (2016). Sharḥ Shāfiyat Ibn al-Ḥājib. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya.
20. Al-Zabīdī, Muḥammad. (1994). Tāj al-ʿArūs. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Fikr.
21. Al-Zamakhsharī, Maḥmūd. (2020). Asās al-Balāgha. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Ṣādir.
22. Al-Sāmarāʾī, Fāḍil. (2006). Al-Jumla al-ʿArabiyya. Jordan: Dār al-Fikr.
23. Al-Sāmarāʾī, Fāḍil. (2007). Maʿānī al-Naḥw. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth.
24. Saryānī, Ḥabīb. (2016). Lexical Network of Arabic. Rahavard-e Noor, 57, 47–56.
25. Saryānī & Hāshimī. (2020). Nūr Engine. Conference Proceedings, 337–390.
26. Saryānī & Towḥīdī. (2020). Qāmūs Nūr. Conference Proceedings, 281–336.
27. Sībawayh. (1990). Kitāb Sībawayh. Beirut, Lebanon: Muʾassasat al-Aʿlamī.
28. Al-Suyūṭī. (2010). Hamaʿ al-Hawāmiʿ. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth.
29. Shekarallahifar, M. (2022). Intelligent Arabic Processing Meeting. Retrieved from rahavardnoor.ir
30. Ṣāfī, Maḥmūd. (1997). Al-Jadwal fī Iʿrāb al-Qurʾān. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Rashīd.
31. Al-Ṣabbān, Muḥammad. (1997). Ḥāshiyat al-Ṣabbān. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya.
32. Ṭabāṭabāʾī, Sayyid Muḥammad Riḍā. (2016). Sarf-e Sādeh. Qom, Iran: Dār al-ʿIlm.
33. Ṭayyib, ʿAbd al-Ḥusayn. (1990). Aṭyab al-Bayān. Tehran, Iran: Islām.
34. ʿĀdel et al. (2021). Text Mining Review. Linguistic Studies, 66, 503–531.
35. ʿAlīdūst, Abū al-Qāsim. (2014). Salsabīl. Qom, Iran: Oswah.
36. Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī. (1999). Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāth.
37. Al-Kulaynī. (1987). Al-Uṣūl min al-Kāfī. Tehran, Iran: Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmiyya.
38. Al-Murādī, Ḥasan. (1992). Al-Jinī al-Dānī. Beirut, Lebanon: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya.
39. Al Shamsi & Abdallah. (2021). Sentiment Analysis Review. Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal, 6, 1012–1023.
40. Lovins, J. (1968). Stemming Algorithm. Mechanical Translation, 11, 22–31.
41. Sembok & AbuAta. (2013). Arabic Stemming. LNECS, 3, 1577–1582.
42. Van Otten Neri. (2023a). Syntactic Analysis. Retrieved from spotintelligence.com
43. Van Otten Neri. (2023b). Arabic NLP. Retrieved from spotintelligence.com